Its a hybrid topology, combining mesh (many nodes interlinked with alternative routes), star (since many nodes link to multiple other nodes in a star formation) and tree (since there is a hierarchy for the majority of the inter on an inter-continental, country, state, borough scale).
Alot of the internet can easily be described as a star of stars, most commonly found at a country/state level and bellow, a good example is the zoomed in section, that is a star topology.
It definitely has no aspect that involves bus topology im sorry to say, bus topology is such that all data put onto the cable in question, is sent to every client which is connected, you also can only send data along the line one client at a time, the bus must not be in use when you send. These 2 facts alone demonstrate that the internet isnt made up of bus topology at any stage.
Bus topology networks have long been abandoned in favour of using switches and tree/star network topology.
And yeah the picture is real, pretty awesome aint it, there are plenty of pictures like it which more accurately show which nodes have the most traffic flowing through them and such, but i think this one better demonstrates how complex the internet is, even with only a handful of devices.